3 x 60x250mg RSV Capsules

Description

What is Resveratrol (RSV)?

Resveratrol is a plant compound that acts like an antioxidant found in red wine, red grape skins, purple grape juice, mulberries, and in smaller amounts in peanuts.  This compound tends to be concentrated mostly in the skins and seeds of grapes and berries.

Resveratrol is an anti-oxident, anti-aging, a NAD accelerator and a Sirtuin, which may enhance your longevity genes.  Dr David Sinclair, refers to Resveratrol when paired with NMN, as the accelerator pedal to optimise energy and longevity.

Trans-Resveratrol represents the most highly absorbable form of Resveratrol and is the one most studied and referenced by research.

From the limited research in humans, most have focused on supplemental forms in concentrations higher than those you can get through food.  Resveratrol is most commonly used for high cholesterol, cancer and heart disease and supporting healthy metabolic function.

It is well known for allegedly increasing lifespan.  Resveratrol may help fight the ageing process and boost your overall health as you age.  Discovered in 2003, by Dr David Sinclair, resveratrol is the polyphenol that has been long theorized to have anti-aging effects leading people to believe drinking a bit of wine every day may increase longevity.  It triggers epigenetic changes that may delay aging and increase your energy levels.

It can, however, protect humans from heart disease and insulin resistance and may extend life by that mechanism.  Resveratrol is most commonly used for high cholesterol, cancer, heart disease, and many other conditions.  Combining resveratrol with Nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) creates a synergistic increase of effectiveness from both molecules.

How is Resveratrol Important to Anti Aging and NAD+?

Resveratrol has several key benefits that promotes longevity and supports NAD+ metabolism that makes it a perfect synergistic match for NMN and other NAD boosting supplements.

• A 2016 study showed Resveratrol promotes a healthy cardiovascular system by remodeling the gut bacteria to reduce the production of TMA and subsequent TMAO.  TMAO interferes with the normal removal of cholesterol from the bloodstream by blocking its conversion to bile acids in the liver.
• Resveratrol speeds up the biosynthesis and recycling of NAD+ in our bodies by up-regulating the NMNAT gene, which is a bottleneck-enzyme responsible for the production of NAD+.
• Resveratrol can also directly, though selectively, turn on our “longevity genes” called Sirtuins, such as SIRT1, mimicking some benefits of caloric restriction and promoting mitochondrial biogenesis.
• Resveratrol aids in the protection of NAD+ by suppressing inflammatory cytokines that cause the expression of ectoenzyme CD38.  CD38 the greatest destroyer of NAD+ in our bodies.
• Resveratrol is an AMPK activator which is a fatty acid oxidation pathway normally induced by exercise and is believed to be beneficial to longevity.
• Another recent study shows resveratrol may have the ability to rejuvenate senescent cells and elongate telomeres, ”making senescent cells not only look physically younger, but start to behave more like young cells and start dividing.”
• Resveratrol promotes general health and wellness in a multifaceted way that makes it indispensable as a nutritional supplement.  “Antioxidant effect of resveratrol in the cardiovascular system”

Resveratrol and NAD+

• NAD+ is a coenzyme found in all living cells.  It is essential for energy production and DNA repair. 1-3
• The most important NAD+ benefit is promoting rapid DNA repair and fuelling beneficial longevity proteins. 2,3,6,7
• Failure to repair damaged DNA can result in cell death or transformation into malignant or senescent states.
• Resveratrol favourably enhances the activation of cellular Sirtuin proteins. 8    NAD+ is required for our Sirtuins to function. 7,9,10
• As we age, NAD+ levels plummet, which impedes the ability of resveratrol to deliver its benefits. 11-14
• In animal studies, regenerative effects have been observed in the brain when NAD+ is restored. 29, 30
• Sleep quality deteriorates with normal aging in many people.  Restoring youthful NAD+ levels in the brain may support a healthy circadian rhythm. 31
• Loss of NAD+ activity is linked to type II diabetes.  In mice, administration of a NAD+ precursor restores insulin sensitivity and protects against the diabetic impact of a high-fat diet. 6,32,33
• Resveratrol has become a popular dietary supplement because of its ability to activate Sirtuin proteins in our cells. 34
• When Sirtuins are activated, the effect is delayed aging, which has been demonstrated in a wide spectrum of experimental models, including mammals. 35-44
• Sirtuins that are activated by resveratrol require NAD+ as their energy substrate.  Loss of NAD+ impedes beneficial Sirtuin function. 7,10,45
• Younger people have high NAD+ levels that enable them to benefit from the Sirtuin-boosting effects of resveratrol.
• To improve the functionality of Sirtuin proteins, it makes sense for maturing individuals to boost their NAD+ levels.

NAD+ Benefits More Than Just Sirtuins

The favourable effect of resveratrol in promoting Sirtuin activity is well established.  For Sirtuins to function properly, they must have sufficient NAD+ to fuel their activity. 7,10

Protecting against pathological aging, however, requires more than securing Sirtuin structure-function.  We must also ensure the following two types of DNA damage are repaired:

• Single-strand DNA breaks occur often and are usually fixed by nutrients that most people supplement with today.
• Double-strand DNA breaks are more difficult to restore.  Left unrepaired, double-strand breaks create cellular havoc that can lead to systemic degeneration.

A critical enzyme that repairs double-strand DNA breaks is PARP1. 46-48   For the PARP1 enzyme to function it requires lots of NAD+. 49,50

When it comes to protecting against cancer, a tumour suppressor called p53 protects against runaway cell propagation.   NAD+ supports p53 activation to help thwart malignant transformation. 51-53

Magnitude of Daily DNA Damage

• A study analysed how many double-stranded DNA breaks occur per cell each day.  The number turned out to be 10 DNA breaks per cell every day. 54
• Your cells require NAD+ to facilitate repair of DNA breaks.  Sufficient NAD+ is needed for the PARP1 repair enzyme to function. 49,50,55
• Imagine the accumulated damage done by every dividing cell in your body undergoing ten double-stranded DNA breaks per day and NOT being repaired because your NAD+ is depleted from aging, or from outside abuse such as excess alcohol and toxic food ingestion.
• It helps explains many degenerative pathologies that occur as aging cells lose their NAD+.
• Repairing DNA breaks will probably go a long way towards preventing cells from turning malignant.  That’s because NAD+ helps maintain activity of cell division regulators like p53. 51-53

Restoring Youthful Cell Functionality

• As we age, beneficial genes that support cell health “turn off” while detrimental genes overexpress.
• Nutrients like curcumin help suppress genes that generate system-wide inflammation. 56-59    Likewise, omega-3s 60-66 and vitamin D 67-70 favourably impact hundreds of genes that protect against degenerative illnesses.
• To reverse the accumulation of damage inflicted to cellular DNA, we should support the efficient function of PARP1 enzymes.   PARP1 facilitates DNA repair via multiple mechanisms.   Higher NAD+ cell levels enable PARP1 to function properly. 49,71,72
• Aging creates a chaotic environment in the brain that can make sound sleep difficult. 73   As DNA is repaired, we regain youthful cell functionality that can result in improved overall health.
• Combining resveratrol with more nicotinamide riboside supports healthy cellular NAD+ levels, 73 which are important to support anti-aging enzymes like PARP1 and BubR1. 71,74,75
• BubR1 is an enzyme that protects against chromosome instability. According to one study, sustained high-level expression of BubR1 “provides a unique opportunity to extend healthy lifespan”. 75

What benefit may I get from Resveratrol Supplements?

Researchers have suggested that consumption of resveratrol may potentially benefit numerous clinical conditions, including cancer, cardiovascular disease, obesity and related conditions including diabetes and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and neurological diseases.  However, current evidence is insufficient to support a definitive place in therapy for resveratrol.

• Resveratrol Supplements May Help Lower Blood Pressure.  

A 2015 review concluded that high doses may help reduce the pressure exerted on artery walls when the heart beats (Source).

• It Has a Positive Effect on Blood Fats   

A 2016 study fed mice a high-protein, high-polyunsaturated fat diet and also gave them resveratrol supplements.  Researchers found the average total cholesterol levels and body weight of the mice decreased, and their levels of “good” HDL cholesterol increased (Source).

In another study, participants were given grape extract that had been boosted with extra resveratrol.  After six months of treatment, their LDL had gone down by 4.5% and their oxidized LDL had gone down by 20% compared to participants who took an unenriched grape extract or a placebo (Source).

• It Lengthens Lifespan in Certain Animals   

Resveratrol’s ability to extend lifespan in different organisms has become a major area of research (Source).

There’s evidence that resveratrol activates certain genes that ward off the diseases of aging (Source).

It works to achieve this in the same way as calorie restriction, which has shown promise in lengthening lifespans by changing how genes express themselves (Source, Source).

• It Protects the Brain   

Several studies have suggested that drinking red wine can help slow down age-related cognitive decline (Source, Source, Source, Source).   This may partly be due to the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity of resveratrol.

It seems to interfere with protein fragments called beta-amyloids, which are crucial to forming the plaques that are a hallmark of Alzheimer’s disease (Source, Source).

• It May Increase Insulin Sensitivity   

Resveratrol has been shown to have several benefits for diabetes, at least in animal studies.

These benefits include increasing insulin sensitivity and preventing complications from diabetes (Source, Source, Source, Source).

An explanation for how resveratrol works is that it may stop a certain enzyme from turning glucose into sorbitol, a sugar alcohol.   When too much sorbitol builds up in people with diabetes, it can create cell-damaging oxidative stress (Source, Source).

Here are a few more benefits resveratrol may have for people with diabetes (Source):

• May protect against oxidative stress: Its antioxidant action may help protect against oxidative stress, which causes some of the complications of diabetes.
• Helps decrease inflammation: Resveratrol is thought to lessen inflammation, a key contributor to chronic diseases, including diabetes.
• Activates AMPK: This is a protein that helps the body metabolize glucose.  Activated AMPK helps keep blood sugar levels low.

Resveratrol may even provide more benefits for people with diabetes than those who don’t have it.  In one animal study, red wine and resveratrol were actually more effective antioxidants in rats with diabetes than in rats who didn’t have it (Source).

• It May Ease Joint Pain  

Arthritis is a common affliction that leads to joint pain and loss of mobility (Source).

Plant-based supplements are being studied as a way to treat and prevent joint pain.  When taken as a supplement, resveratrol may help protect cartilage from deteriorating (Source, Source).

Cartilage breakdown can cause joint pain and is one of the main symptoms of arthritis (Source).

One study injected resveratrol into the knee joints of rabbits with arthritis and found that these rabbits suffered less damage to their cartilage (Source).

Other research in test tubes and animals has suggested that the compound has potential to reduce inflammation and prevent damage to joints (Source, Source, Source, Source).

• Resveratrol May Suppress Cancer Cells  

Resveratrol has been studied, especially in test tubes, for its ability to prevent and treat cancer. However, results have been mixed (Source, Source, Source).

In animal and test-tube studies, it has been shown to fight several kinds of cancer cells, including gastric, colon, skin, breast and prostate (Source, Source, Source, Source, Source).

Here’s how resveratrol may combat cancer cells:

• It may inhibit cancer cell growth:  It may prevent cancer cells from replicating and spreading (Source).
• Resveratrol may change gene expression:  It can change the gene expression in cancer cells to inhibit their growth (Source).
• It can have hormonal effects:  Resveratrol may interfere with the way certain hormones are expressed, which may keep hormone-dependent cancers from spreading (Source).

What are the Side Effects of Resveratrol?

No major risks have been revealed in studies that have used resveratrol supplements.  Healthy people seem to tolerate Resveratrol well (Source).  Adverse events for lower doses and shorter courses of treatment have been rare.  If you currently use medications, then you may want to check with a doctor before trying resveratrol.

How and what dosage do I take Resveratrol supplements?

Evidence from clinical studies is insufficient to provide comprehensive dosing guidelines.  Single-dose studies suggest that a safe daily dosage for a person weighing 70 kg maybe 450 mg/day.

Dosages above 1 g/day appear to have been well tolerated in a short-term (2-week).

The lower end of supplementation tends to be for cardiovascular health, insulin sensitivity, and longevity for somebody who is otherwise unhealthy is 5-10mg daily.

For persons who are otherwise healthy, dosages between the range of 150-445mg have been used (with no clear indication for what is the optimal dose).

Supplementing for cerebral blood flow requires a dose in the 250-500mg range whereas supplementation for aromatase inhibition requires 500mg.

When taken by mouth, Resveratrol is likely safe when used in the amounts found in foods, such as yogurt.  When taken in doses up to 1500 mg daily for up to 3 months, resveratrol is possible safe.  Higher doses of up to 2000-3000 mg daily have been used safely for 2-6 months.  However, these higher doses of resveratrol are more likely to cause stomach problems.

Reference links

Old human cells rejuvenated in breakthrough discovery on aging

Antioxidant effects of resveratrol in the cardiovascular system

Sirt1 is regulated by miR-135a and involved in DNA damage repair during mouse cellular reprogramming

SIRT1- dependent mechanisms and effects of resveratrol for amelioration of muscle wasting in NASH mice

Role of Resveratrol in Regulating Cutaneous Functions

Dose-dependency of resveratrol in providing health benefits

Resveratrol Increases Intracellular NAD+ Levels Through Up regulation of The NAD+ Synthetic Enzyme Nicotinamide Mononucleotide Adenylyltransferase

Resveratrol-Induced AMP-Activated Protein Kinase Activation Is Cell-Type Dependent: Lessons from Basic Research for Clinical Application.

Resveratrol Attenuates Trimethylamine-N-Oxide (TMAO)-Induced A—* by Regulating TMAO Synthesis and Bile Acid Metabolism via Remodeling of the Gut Microbiota

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